How to Harvest Herbs

If you have an herb garden, container herb garden or are foraging wild herbs, you’re going to want to learn to properly harvest herbs. Learn how to cut, clean and dry herbs in every season to use year round! 

 

Interested in growing herbs but are short on space or new to them? Start with a few basic but wonderful herbs and grow them in containers! To learn how, please consider our book, Herbs in the Bathtub. This book outlines and educates you on several basic culinary and wellness herbs, including how to grow them and use them. To learn more, click below: 

Whether you’re growing herbs in pots or harvesting fresh from your community garden, learning to harvest herbs properly is so important. Even wild herbs that can be harvested in season need to be properly cut, cleaned and dried to be used year round.

Fortunately, this process of harvesting fresh herbs is NOT complicated. Come with us to the herb garden – you’ve got this!

How to Harvest Herbs

Harvesting herbs doesn’t amount to much more than cutting them, cleaning them and drying them. However, there are some points to consider to harvest herbs that will last all year round for all your recipes and crafts.

When to Harvest Fresh Herbs

The best time to harvest herbs (or any kind of plant) is in the morning or the evening. At those time the heat of the mid-day sun isn’t stressing them out. They’re less likely to wilt or have sun damage.

You can start harvesting foraged herbs in the spring like:

• violets
• plantain
• dandelion

Other wild herbs begin to emerge in the summer like:

• dandelions
• wild roses
• St. John’s wort
• mullein
• yarrow

Some herbs will reseed so easily that they become almost wild on our land, growing afresh every year. Borage is a grea example of that and to learn more about it, please click here.

Many of these continue into the fall and even winter, depending on how cold your area gets. To learn more about gathering wild herb, also called foraging, please visit our article on the topic – click here.

If you grow your own herbs, then you can harvest them at your convenience as they mature. See more below on beginning your herb garden.

How Much Herb to Harvest

You never want to take more than one third of any plant from which you’re harvesting, so don’t get carried away. If the plant is woody, limit yourself to smaller portions as it will take longer for the plant to regrow. Wild plants that grow in abundance can typically be harvested vigorously, but never remove the entire plant! (Please see the foraging article above for more on collecting wild herbs.)

Most herbs are cut and come again. Which means that harvesting all season will mean continued bounty up until frost because the plant will produce more to harvest. Good examples of this are basil and calendula.

For a dinner recipe, you probably only need a pinch or a handful. Pinching the tops off basil and rosemary and the tips of thyme are usually good for a single recipe.

If you need more herbs for wellness recipes, only harvest as much as you know you’ll process right away. You do NOT want to waste fresh herbs by forgetting them in the bottom of the tomato basket.

At the end of the growing season, annual herbs like basil can be pulled from the ground completely. Perennial herbs like rosemary should be heavily mulched after your last harvest to feed them well for the winter.

Use Sharp Tools to Harvest Herbs

1. When you harvest herbs, you want your cuts to be clean and precise. 
2. Make sure your blades and clippers are sharp.
3. Cut at a 45 degree angle so the plant can heal quickly. 
4. Cut just above leaf junctions to encourage new growth.

You can remove any spent parts of the plants as you go, too. Older leaves, bug eaten remnants, damaged limbs can all be pruned off as you harvest herbs.

An Herbal Harvest Example from Our Homestead

It’s early fall and we had a terrible wind blast through here last week – a seventy mile an hour micro burst that took down trees! Needless to say, a few of my taller things like the bee balm are a little the worse for wear and need a cleaning up in order to heal. Also, several herbs, like my feverfew, will heavily reseed themselves if I don’t stay on top of removing their flowering stems throughout the season.

We rummaged through all of our lavender plants; it’s one of my favorites so we have several. Then, since we were out there and the baby was still napping, we also brought in two kinds of sage, plantain, feverfew, artemisia, oregano, comfrey and marjoram. Here are some ways we use all those herbs:

• The sage and oregano are both used by us in the kitchen and in winter time tea for sore throats and immune boosting. 
• This is my first year with marjoram and it’s a decent little addition to sauces and soups. 
• The artemisia is a great wormer for people and animals, while the plantain and comfrey are indispensable in salves for skin ailments. 
• Feverfew is, you guessed it, good for fevers as it’s very calming; like most herbs feverfew is good for a myriad of things.

Drying Herbs to Use Year Round

Air drying herbs is the easiest way to preserve your herb harvest. It doesn’t require any special equipment and is simple to do.

1. After a good wash, shake out your herbs gently to remove extra water. Allow them to air dry for a few hours before hanging them to air dry. My garden is watered with secondary river water so I’m careful to wash everything I bring in. Plus, our summers are so dusty!
2. To gather the harvested herbs for drying, line up the stems of like plants so that nothing gets dropped.
3. Remove one to three inches of leaf matter from the ends of the stems. Toss herbal bits into your chicken or compost bucket so as not to waste them.
4. In order to prevent mold as the herbs dry, don’t bundle too many herbs together at once.
5. Use string or rubber bands to bind the herbs together tightly. Remember that the plant material will shrink as it dries.
6. Find a warm, relatively dust-free place to hang the herbs upside down. The main thing to remember is you need a place with good air circulation where the herbs won’t be messed with while they dry.
7. Air dry for a week or more, depending on the herb.

We use a bar attached to the low rafters of one of our rooms to air dry most herbs – good air circulation is a must! By having it suspended to the ceiling, the herbs stay out of the way of everyone, including the cat and the baby. I’m forever expanding this space for drying because each year we harvest and preserve more and more herbs. I never have enough space!

Dry Herbs in a Dehydrator

You can also use a dehydrator set on a lower setting between 115-130F degrees. This is the dehydrator we use:

1. Simply wash and gently shake your herbs.
2. Clip of the stems and scatter leaves and flowers on your dehydrator racks.
3. Don’t let any herb matter sit on top of each other.
4. Depending on the herb, dehydration can take a few hours to overnight.

I advise against drying sage in the dehydrator because it will make it taste really dusty. I’m not sure why that is, but sage can be temperamental once it’s dried. Don’t using it in canning recipes, either, because it will make your recipe bitter.

Using Harvested Herbs

We use herbs all year round for various reasons. The kitchen herbs are, obviously, used in the kitchen. 

• Basil is a popular kitchen herb and can be used in so many ways.
• Here’s how to make garlic powder at home – stop buying this!
• Making compound herbal butters are another way to use fresh herbs and they’re so easy to make. 

Herbs for Treats

However, we use many wild herbs in culinary delights, as well. Here are some examples:

• Dandelion Candy is simple to make and is so lovely to eat.
• Wildflower and violet popcorn is perfect for any tea time or movie night.
• Wild Rose and Herbal Syrup is a sweet syrup that can be used on pancakes or inside our herbal macaroon recipe.

Here’s how to Preserve Herbs for Baking Needs from Homespun Sesasonal Living. 

One simple thing to do with herbs to preserve them is to make herbal salts – click here to learn how.

Herbal Wellness and a Bonus Craft

To learn how we use calendula flowers and mullein leaves, please visit this article – click here. In this post we highlight one of our favorite wellness herb books, Healing Herbal Infusions.

Here are 12 Things to Make and Do with Dandelion Flowers by The Nerdy Farm Wife. Typically she uses her herbs in her many, many soap recipes – I love her soaps! One of her soap making books is highlighted below and I recommend it, if that’s something you’re interested in.

If you need a gift for the holidays, be sure to check out our tutorial on making reusable lavender sachets – click here. Lavender is an absolute favorite of mine; it’s something I have in common with Devon Young, author of The Backyard Herbal Apothecary. We talk a bit about this book in our sachet post and I hope you’ll enjoy it as much as I have. It’s become my new go-to book – I even traveled with it this summer!

You can even use herbs in your wedding flowers! See the lemon balm in this centerpiece?

If you really want to learn more about herbs, I can recommend the online herbal courses at The Herbal Academy. Click below to learn more:

Herb Garden Resources

To plan and plant a wellness herb garden, please visit this lengthy article – click here.

Also, here is a list of wellness herbs to consider planting in your herb garden – click here.

We can also recommend several books to get you started with your herb garden plans. Even if you already have an herb garden, you may want to expand it.

Here’s our review of the Cook’s Herb Garden – click here.

Also, here’s our review of Herbal Tea Gardens – click here.

And the Herbal Medicine Maker’s Handbook – click here.

If you have kids, be sure to peruse our Herbal Education for  Children article – click here.

Remember the books also outlined in the articles highlighted in “Harvest Herbs for Use” section.